What are the signs of hyperkalemia that a nurse should monitor for in patients taking ACE inhibitors?

Monitoring for signs of hyperkalemia in patients taking ACE inhibitors is crucial because these medications can lead to increased potassium levels due to their mechanism of action, which affects renal function. Hyperkalemia occurs when there is an excess of potassium in the bloodstream, and its symptoms are primarily related to neuromuscular function and cardiac conduction.

The signs mentioned—muscle weakness, fatigue, palpitations, and arrhythmias—are classic manifestations of hyperkalemia. Muscle weakness and fatigue arise due to impaired muscle function and may also contribute to decreased physical activity. Palpitations and arrhythmias signal potential disruptions in cardiac rhythm caused by elevated potassium levels, which can lead to serious complications like cardiac arrest if not addressed promptly.

In contrast, the other options list symptoms that are not directly related to hyperkalemia. Increased urination, dehydration, and weight loss may suggest other issues such as diabetes or a need for further evaluation of a patient's overall fluid balance and renal function. High blood pressure and headaches often indicate issues related to hypertension rather than potassium levels. Skin rash, nausea, and diarrhea could be related to other conditions or side effects of various medications but do not signify hyperkalemia and its associated risks as effectively as the signs in the correct